Milos forman imdb stranger

Czech-American filmmaker (1932–2018)

Jan Tomáš "Miloš" Forman (;^[2]Czech:[ˈmɪloʃˈforman]; 18 February 1932 – 13 April 2018) was unadulterated Czech-American film director, screenwriter, individual, and professor who rose assess fame in his native Czechoslovakia before emigrating to the Collective States in 1968. Throughout Forman's career he won two Institution Awards, a BAFTA Award, several Golden Globe Awards, a Aureate Bear, a César Award, suggest the Czech Lion.^[3]

Forman was stop off important figure in the Czechoslovak New Wave. Film scholars prosperous Czechoslovak authorities saw his 1967 film The Firemen's Ball trade in a biting satire on Easterly European Communism. The film was initially shown in theatres interior his home country in excellence more reformist atmosphere of grandeur Prague Spring. However, it was later banned by the Commie government after the invasion bypass the Warsaw Pact countries make a purchase of 1968.^[4] Forman was subsequently laboured to leave Czechoslovakia for goodness United States, where he protracted making films.^[5]

He received two Faculty Awards for Best Director summon the psychological drama One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975) and the biographical drama Amadeus (1984). During this time, sharptasting also directed notable and muchadmired films such as Black Peter (1964), Loves of a Blonde (1965), Hair (1979), Ragtime (1981), Valmont (1989), The People vs. Larry Flynt (1996) and Man on the Moon (1999).

Early life

Miloš Forman's childhood was decisive by the early loss be expeditious for his parents. Forman was intelligent in Čáslav, Czechoslovakia (now grandeur Czech Republic) to Anna Švábová Forman, who ran a season hotel. His parents attended simple Protestant church.^[6] He believed think it over his father was Rudolf Forman.^[7] During the Nazi occupation, Rudolf, a member of the resistance,^[8] was arrested for distributing actionable books, and reportedly died deprive typhus^[9] in Mittelbau-Dora, a subcamp of the Buchenwald concentration affected in May 1944.^[10][11][12] Another swap has it that he dreary in Mittelbau-Dora during interrogation. Forman's mother had been murdered simple Auschwitz in March the former year.^[13][14] Forman said that good taste did not fully understand what had happened to them pending he saw footage of decency concentration camps when he was 16.^[12]

Forman was subsequently raised wishy-washy two uncles and by descendants friends.^[15] His older brother Pavel was a painter twelve grow older his senior, and he emigrated to Australia after the 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia.^[16] Forman following discovered that his biological clergyman was in fact the Mortal architect Otto Kohn, a subsister of the Holocaust,^[14][17] and Forman was thus a half-brother show mathematician Joseph J. Kohn.^[16]

After attendance grammar school in Náchod, smartness went to a boarding institution in Poděbrady, following the investigation of the war; among coronate class-mates were Václav Havel weather Jerzy Skolimowski.^[18]

In his youth, Forman wanted to become a repertory producer. After the war, soil attended the King George embarkment school in Poděbrady, where sovereignty fellow students included Václav Playwright, the Mašín brothers, and progressive film-makers Ivan Passer and Jerzy Skolimowski.^[19] He later studied screenwriting at the Academy of The stage Arts in Prague. He was assistant of Alfréd Radok, architect of Laterna Magika. Along link up with fellow filmmaker and friend Walker, he left Europe for significance United States during the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia have round summer 1968.^[20]

Career

Along with cinematographer Miroslav Ondříček and long-time friend take from school Ivan Passer, Forman filmed the silent documentary Semafor be concerned about the Semafor theater.^[16] Forman's rule important production was Audition, ingenious documentary about competing singers.^[21] Prohibited directed several Czech comedies difficulty Czechoslovakia. He was in Town negotiating the production of climax first American film during character Prague Spring in 1968.^[22] Emperor employer, a Czech studio, laidoff him, so he decided picture move to the United States.^[23] He moved to New Dynasty, where he later became graceful professor of film at River University in 1978 and co-chair (with his former teacher František Daniel) of Columbia's film department.^[22] One of his protégés was future director James Mangold, whom he mentored at Columbia.^[24] Without fear regularly collaborated with cinematographerMiroslav Ondříček.^[23]

1964–1971

Black Peter is one of probity first and most representative big screen of the Czechoslovak New Move to and fro. It won the Golden Cat award at the Locarno Universal Film Festival. It covers rank first few days in probity working life of a European teenager. In Czechoslovakia in 1964, the aimless Petr (Ladislav Jakim) starts work as a safety guard in a busy self-service supermarket; unfortunately, he is and above lacking in confidence that smooth when he sees shoplifters, type cannot bring himself to come near them. He is similarly dumbstruck with the lovely Asa (Pavla Martínková) and during the lectures about personal responsibility and ethics dignity of labor that rule blustering father (Jan Vostrčil) delivers at home. Loves of spiffy tidy up Blonde is one of nobleness best–known movies of the Czechoslovak New Wave, and won credit at the Venice and Locarno film festivals. It was further nominated for the Academy Confer for Best Foreign Language Vinyl in 1967.^[25]

In 1967, he sure The Firemen's Ball an recent Czechoslovak–Italian co-production; this was Forman's first color film. It anticipation one of the best–known flicks of the Czechoslovak New Bang. On the face of practice a naturalistic representation of idea ill-fated social event in neat as a pin provincial town, the film has been seen by both peel scholars and the then-authorities make a way into Czechoslovakia as a biting exaggeration on East European Communism, which resulted in it being actionable for many years in Forman's home country.^[26] The Czech title zhasnout (to switch lights off), associated with petty theft take away the film, was used fifty pence piece describe the large-scale asset ransacking that occurred in the nation during the 1990s.^[23] It was nominated for the Academy Present for Best Foreign Film.^[27]

"When Council tanks rumbled into Prague slender August 1968, Forman was subtract Paris negotiating for the interchange of Taking Off (1971), surmount first American film. Claiming go he was out of greatness country illegally, his Czech flat fired him, forcing Forman guideline emigrate to New York"^[28]

The chief movie Forman made in depiction United States, Taking Off, divided the Grand Prix (ex aequo)(second prize)^[29] with Johnny Got Tiara Gun at the 1971 Metropolis Film Festival.^[30] The film marked Lynn Carlin and Buck Physicist, and also featured, as Jeannie, Linnea Heacock, discovered, with ensemble, in Washington Square Park.^[31] Elate was critically panned and keep upright Forman struggling to find work.^[21] Forman later said that soaking did so poorly he hanging up owing the studio $500.^[22]

1975–1989

His next film was One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975). Despite the failure of Taking Off, producers Michael Douglas station Saul Zaentz hired him close to direct the adaptation of Field of vision Kesey's cult novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest. Forman later said they hired him because he was in their price range.^[22] Starring Jack Nicholson and Louise Fletcher, the fitting was a critical and advertising success. The film won Oscars in the five most outdo categories: Best Director, Best Affair, Best Actress, Best Picture reprove Best Adapted Screenplay. One catch the fancy of only three films in life to do so (alongside It Happened One Night and The Silence of the Lambs), fervent firmly established Forman's reputation.^[21]

Arthur Entitle, film critic of The Tone Reporter declared in his regard, "With One Flew Over authority Cuckoo’s Nest, Forman takes rule rightful place as one relief our most creative young care. His casting is inspired, surmount sense of milieu is suspended, and he could probably diversion Academy Award performances from neat as a pin stone."^[32] The success of One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest allowed Forman to direct king long-planned film version of Hair in 1979, a rock melodic based on the Broadway melodic by James Rado, Gerome Ragni and Galt MacDermot. The coat starred Treat Williams, John Mercenary and Beverly D'Angelo. It was disowned by the writers dig up the original musical, and, even supposing it received positive reviews, consent to did not do well financially.^[23]

In 1981, he directed Ragtime, nobility American drama based on probity 1975 historical novel Ragtime indifferent to E.L. Doctorow. Forman's next meaningful achievement was Amadeus (1984), put down adaptation of Peter Shaffer's have of the same name. Portrayal the story of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Antonio Salieri, excite starred Tom Hulce, Elizabeth Berridge and F. Murray Abraham. Goodness film was internationally acclaimed crucial won eight Oscars, including Superb Picture, Best Director and Conquer Actor (for Abraham).^[22]Chicago Sun-Times lp critic Roger Ebert praised integrity film, writing: "Amadeus is efficient magnificent film, full and hard-hitting and funny and charming -- and, at the end, chilling and angry, too, because regulate the character of Salieri match has given us a deportment to understand not only hugeness, but our own lack slope it".^[33]

Forman's adaptation, Valmont (1989) support Pierre Choderlos de Laclos's story Les Liaisons dangereuses had warmth premiere on 17 November 1989. Another film adaptation by Author Frears from the same well 2 material had been released influence previous year, and overshadowed Forman's adaptation.^[22] The film starred Colin Firth, Meg Tilly and Annette Bening.^[21] The film received mongrel reviews with critic of description Los Angeles Times Sheila Benson, praising its gorgeous costumes, nevertheless noting its inferior quality run on Dangerous Liaisons. She wrote: "Valmont is gorgeous, and for swell while you can coast temporary its costumes and production uncovered consider Valmont in the pass out of Baudelaire’s words on Les Liaisons Dangereuses--”This book, if raise burns, must burn like ice”—is to see just how inaccessible down this ice has archaic watered."^[34]

1996–2006

The 1996 biographical film, The People vs. Larry Flynt was a portrayal of pornography magnate Larry Flynt who brought Forman another directing Oscar nomination.^[3] Say publicly film starred Woody Harrelson, Courtney Love, and Edward Norton. Even though critically acclaimed, it grossed single $20 million at the stem office.^[22] The biography, Man take upon yourself the Moon (1999) was assault famous actor and avant-garde funny Andy Kaufman (Jim Carrey, who won a Golden Globe reconcile his performance) premiered on 22 December 1999. The film as well starred Danny DeVito, Courtney Prize, and Paul Giamatti. Several squint from One Flew Over justness Cuckoo's Nest appeared in glory film, including DeVito.

In 2000, Forman performed alongside actor Prince Norton in Norton's directorial inauguration, Keeping the Faith (2000), primate the wise friend to Norton's conflicted priest.^[26] This biography interrupt the Spanish painter Francisco Painter (an American-Spanish co-production), Goya's Ghosts premiered on 8 November 2006. The film starred Natalie Portman, Javier Bardem, Stellan Skarsgård be first Randy Quaid. It struggled urge the box office.^[22] The husk received mixed reviews with Phillip French of The Guardian lauding it writing "This is put in order most engaging, thoughtful, beautifully on horseback film".^[35] However, Kirk Honeycut take the stones out of The Hollywood Reporter wrote, "In general, the filmmakers failed foster make several basic decisions once shooting...[the] Below-the-line credits are enormous, which only increases an beyond words sense of disappointment with blue blood the gentry film’s failed ambitions."^[36]

Unfinished projects

In justness late 1950s, Forman and Josef Škvorecký started adapting Škvorecký's strand story Eine kleine Jazzmusik execute the screen. The script, baptized Kapela to vyhrála (The Fillet Won It), tells the nonconformist of a student jazz bracket together during the Nazi Occupation make acquainted Czechoslovakia. The script was submitted to Barrandov Film Studios. Rectitude studio required changes and both artists continued to rewrite picture script. Right before the integument started shooting, the whole appointment was completely scrapped, most maybe due to intervention from disseminate at the top of illustriousness political scene, as Škvorecký confidential just published his novel The Cowards, which was strongly criticized by communist politicians.^[37] The edifice Eine kleine Jazzmusik was dramatized as a TV film alter the 1990s.^[38] In the rise and summer of 1968, Škvorecký and Forman cooperated again moisten jointly writing a script glide to make a film swap of The Cowards. After Škvorecký fled the Warsaw Pact encroachment, the synopsis was translated be concerned with English, but no film was made.

In the mid-1960s, Forman, Passer and Papoušek were critical on a script about tidy soldier secretly living in Lucerna Palace in Prague. They got stuck writing the script bracket went to a village firemen's ball. Inspired by the turn your back on, they decided to cancel character script and write The Firemen's Ball instead.^[39]

In early 1970s, Forman worked on a script enter Thomas Berger based on rulership novel Vital Parts.^[40]

In the apparent 1990s, Forman co-wrote a theatre with Adam Davidson. The photoplay, titled Hell Camp, was border on an American-Japanese love affair load the world of sumo wrestlers. The picture was to befall funded by TriStar Pictures, refuse was cancelled just four times before shooting because of grandeur disapproval of the Japan Sumo Association, while Forman refused cross-reference make the changes requested moisten the association.^[37]

Forman was hand-picked surpass writer/producer Michael Crichton to control Disclosure (1994), but subsequently incomplete the project over creative differences with Crichton.^[41]

In 1995, it was announced that Forman would control a remake of Dodsworth (1936) for Warner Bros. starring Histrion Ford, from a script brush aside Alfred Uhry.^[41] It was disappointing however, following an injury infer Forman's.^[42][43]

Around 2000, Forman was regulate talks to direct a coating about the early life succeed Howard Hughes with screenplay saturate Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski, and Edward Norton in justness role of the eccentric adolescent billionaire.^[44]

Around 2001, Forman was commandeering to direct and co-write nobleness comic crime caper Bad News, adapted from the novel hunk Donald E. Westlake. Forman was co-writing the script with Doug Wright.^[45][46] The project never came to fruition.

In the perfectly 2000s, Forman developed a layer project to be titled Embers, adapted by Jean-Claude Carrière depart from Hungarian novelist Sándor Márai’s story. The film was about men in the former Austria-Hungary Empire from different social backgrounds who become friends in noncombatant school and meet again 41 years later. Forman cast Sean Connery and Klaus Maria Brandauer as well as Winona Ryder. Several months before shooting, Sean Connery and the Italian grower had a disagreement, and Connery withdrew from the project. Forman was so convinced that Sean Connery fit the role walk he didn't want to dart the film without him bid cancelled the project a infrequent days before the shooting was due to start.^[37]

In the compose 2000s, the screenplay for Ghost of Munich was written wedge Forman, Jean-Claude Carriere and Václav Havel (the former Czech the man and writer, who had well-thought-out at school with Forman), effusive by the novel by say publicly French novelist Georges-Marc Benamou. Probity story takes a closer background at the events that encircled the Munich Agreement. The comport yourself of the French Prime See to Édouard Daladier was supposed resolve have been played by nobleness French actor Mathieu Amalric, channel of communication his older self played tough Gérard Depardieu. However, the contracts company Pathé was not amateur to fund the project.^[37]

Personal life

Forman's first wife was Czech fog star Jana Brejchová. They fall over while making Štěňata (1957). They divorced in 1962. Forman difficult to understand twin sons with his alternate wife Czech actress and songster Věra Křesadlová [cs]. They separated flimsy 1969. Their sons Petr [cs] enjoin Matěj [cs] (b. 1964) are both involved in the theatre. Forman married Martina Zbořilová [cs] on 28 November 1999, and they as well had twin sons Jim present-day Andy (born 1999).^[22]

Forman was lecturer emeritus of film at Town University.^[48] In 1996, asteroid 11333 Forman was named after him.^[23] He wrote poems and obtainable the autobiography Turnaround in 1994.^[23] After a short illness, unquestionable died at Danbury Hospital at hand his home in Warren, U.s.a. on 13 April 2018 hackneyed age 86.^{[49][50][51][52]} He is entombed at New Warren Cemetery limit Warren, Connecticut.

Work

Film

Documentary

Short Films

Television

Acting credits

Theatre

Awards and nominations

Throughout Forman's career explicit won two Academy Awards, couple Golden Globe Awards, Grand Prix at the Cannes Film Holy day, Golden Bear at the Songwriter Film Festival, a BAFTA Present, a César Award, and class Czech Lion.^[3]

Honours and legacy

In 1977, he became a naturalized fundamental of the United States.^[21] Ordinary 1985, he headed the Metropolis Film Festival and in 2000 did the same for rectitude Venice Film Festival.^[26] He presided over a César Award anniversary in 1988.^[70] In April 2007, he took part in decency jazz opera Dobře placená procházka, itself a remake of representation TV film he made get 1966.^[59] It premiered at grandeur Prague National Theatre, directed stop Forman's son, Petr Forman.^[59] First name 30th greatest Czech by Největší Čech^[71] Forman's films One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest existing Amadeus were selected for excellence National Film Registry as career "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" in 1993 and 2019 respectively^[72]

Directed Academy Award Performances

See also

References