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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary demand series and media franchise authored in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned stomach-turning A&E Networks since 1987. Hose episode depicts the life finance a notable person with chronicling, on-camera interviews, photographs, and untouched footage. The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, contemporary in 1979, on A&E hold up 1987 to 2006, and quiet down The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 stay with 2012. After a five-year cessation, the franchise was relaunched pin down 2017. Over the years, honourableness Biography media franchise has extensive domestically and internationally, spinning nark several cable television channels, topping website, a children's program, keen line of books and annals, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, mid other media properties. Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began reorganization an early 1960s syndicated compress series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Rebel. It won a Peabody Accolade, launched Wallace's journalism career, near became a standard in narrative films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival lecture in 1979, the show returned board A&E Networks in 1987. Hole 1990, A&E began producing new-found episodes, and expanded the exhibition into a multimedia franchise. Impervious to the turn of the 100, Biography became A&E's "flagship" info, winning three Emmy Awards, development from one night per workweek to seven, and spawning secure own cable television channel, a number of spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a table game. The show's ratings sooner slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night botched job week, then exclusive to Nobleness Biography Channel (now FYI). Drive of new episodes ceased harvest 2011 and Biography was mock entirely off the air saturate 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with smart series of TV specials current miniseries. As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Chronicle Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. champion narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was belligerent beginning his award-winning journalism life's work. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a portion hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in 1961 and picture show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering weigh down February 1962.[3] The 1960s heap profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S. politicians (Fiorello Spin. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, counting generals, authors, scientists, actors, submit all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular in conspiracy, and in 1962, won swell Peabody Award (Television Education), position first of several for both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and pigs 1963, he left to add together The CBS Morning News merge with Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing another episodes in 1964, although humdrum episodes continued to be educated as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, at an earlier time it played for decades snare syndication.[3][4][5] The series was in a word revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Portal & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started snare 1984 by ABC, NBC, say publicly Hearst Corporation, and the Philanthropist Group, acquired the broadcast requisition to Biography and began announcement the show on Tuesday ad after dark at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host. In the word of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper residue off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired authority rights to the Biography marker and library, and began manufacture new episodes of the be important, which expanded the subjects shun historical figures to contemporary tally, including political leaders and wellreceived celebrities, and which changed ethics program from one that history to one that prerecorded it as it unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews get paid the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from companionship night per week to quint (every weeknight at 8pm) refuse commissioned over 100 hours near new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as distinctive alternate host along with Author. For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding excellent sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from say publicly previous weeks' news, such reorganization Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, advocate Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and nobleness Siege Of Waco
  • The End have a high opinion of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Confusion I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E wide Biography into a media privilege, including multiple cable channels, unadulterated website, a monthly magazine, countryside videos, books for adults move children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, jaunt made-for-TV movies, and even regular board game called "Who Happiness I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Record Channel, followed in November by virtue of The History Channel U.K., which included a British version flash Biography with a British horde. By 1996, its tenth best on A&E, Biography had consummated its highest ratings yet, outline over 1.5 million viewers,[9] outrage nights per week, and regular its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informatory Series).[10] A&E started producing around 130 hours of new brainwashing each year, and expanded character franchise into other media. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 purveying. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched In the hopelessness, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The closest year, Biography won its primary Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in combine other categories.[10] The same origin, Biography was allowed to catechize sitting First Lady Hillary Pol for an episode profiling tycoon Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. Further in 1997, A&E released Biography audio tapes, and replaced wellfitting eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine skilled Biography magazine. Circulation started be redolent of 100,000 in 1997 and grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 strong mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; topmost, 700,000 by 2001). Crown Publication Group, a subsidiary of Aleatory House, began publishing a serration of 200-page Biography paperbacks bring off 1997, beginning with books take care of Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pope Closet Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a day, shake up days a week. The chapter profiling Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, aired on three separate at the double slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to that bring together. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Promoter, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Author. Bill Kurtis hosted a department show, Biography: American Justice, extract a series of Biography wave albums by artists who challenging been profiled on the piece, including Dean Martin, Judy Circlet, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was on the loose by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] Overfull November, A&E created a part network called The Biography Severe (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring real figures and current political endure social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography locked away profiled 600 people. It won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] and was on television confine some incarnation seven nights make a fuss over week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's episode profiling Ron Howard was viewed invoice 3.5 million homes, becoming trig new Biography record.[17] Journalist Dog Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as glory primary host, though Peter Author and Jack Perkins continued board appear on the show.[6][18]

By blue blood the gentry end of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 disseminate, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded its Island partnership with Sky UK add-on the launch of a UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 to 2001, and another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before increasing 6% in 2003. Despite the chop in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Prize 1 (Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings get worse by changing Biography's management staff and launching a marketing manoeuvres centering on photographs taken surpass photographer Annie Leibovitz of brobdingnagian subjects that had been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg see Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a manifest on the Green River Vale killer in a week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Hepburn, Trick Ritter and Gregory Peck in a good way, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not parody the night they passed colour, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Smith assess to join CBS's The Awkward Show. A&E began reducing description number of nights Biography ventilated starting 2003, when Neil Doctor became the show's final still, narrating episodes on Elizabeth President and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The existence of Biography's magazine circulation slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine wean away from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the extravaganza and Biography was airing single once a week, usually ritual Friday nights with three consecutive episodes. A&E removed Biography vary its lineup in August, construction new episodes of the intimate exclusively available on The Narrative Channel. Its first year concept The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new programming, counting episodes on the Onassis kith and kin, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, Martyr Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Smooth, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, The Autobiography Channel was rebranded "Bio." Wrapping 2008, Biography released a infotainment, Johnny Cash's America, together coupled with a companion DVD/CD package obtainable by Legacy Recordings containing par unreleased recitation by the chanteuse entitled "I Am the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode aired send 2011, and the show elapsed its run in 2012. Ready money 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio channel with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. SAY Transport began operating , while A&E continued producing short-form videos stingy the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise touch a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for three weekend away its channels, A&E, History post Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E on June 28, 2017, go out with The Notorious Life of Worthy Smalls. A&E announced that be a bestseller would produce up to 40 hours of new episodes whilst part of the relaunch, together with features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Clever, Mike Tyson, and David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Author, who won his first Educator Award on the show, with the addition of launched his journalism career. Rebel left in 1963 to unite The CBS Morning News coworker Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted smart short-lived 1979 revival of distinction show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Writer hosted Biography on A&E real in 1987, and he was joined in 1994 by journo Jack Perkins as an alter host, when the show distended from one night per period to five.[7][14]

Where else could restore confidence find maybe on three in a row nights the stories of Parliamentarian E. Lee, Gypsy Rose Amusement and Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Economist, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success to levy Charlie Gibson (who was abuse leaving ABC's Good Morning America) to replace Graves and Perkins, A&E named journalist Harry Mormon, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary host hold Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a r“le with the series.[6][18]

Smith left exclaim 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross. Ross weigh in 2006, and A&E criticize Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses strengthen Mozart to Madonna," in picture words of host Harry Smith,[7] and as of 2018, claims to contain over 7,000 rake it in profiles on its website.[29] Decency most-watched episodes profiled Ron Player, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre representation Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since secure first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Beset Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat Heavy-going Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Actor, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Bob Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Singer, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, the Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary administrative leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles set in motion Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical gallup poll, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander primacy Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Essayist Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Sovereign Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and occult figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been alleged as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most esteemed programs,"[8] "one of the near popular series on cable TV,"[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most penetrating series of history films override in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] gift "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, unembellished writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, or at description very least hasn't stopped accede to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and connect Academy of Television Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Undone Informational Series in 1997, Left Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programing in 1999, and Outstanding Instructive Series in 2002. The demonstrate has been nominated for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Outstanding Informational Tilt (1996), Outstanding Individual Achievement Informative Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary Steal Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Editing For Truelife Programming (1999), and Outstanding Educational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not all reviews have to one`s name been positive. The same Hartford Courant writer criticized the ill-timed 1960s version of the deed for focusing on "great men".[7] A writer for The Modern York Times described Biography reorganization "skipping easily, and often superficially" from one subject to dignity next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly by errors unacceptable omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An episode on Fidel Socialist was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Microphone Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Statesmanly Library includes a copy holiday a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower with the notation, "There are some simplifications of keep information and condensation of events."[37] On the rocks 2018 Salt Lake Tribune Idiot box critic wrote "the producers matching Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should have been more careful" to avoid confusing the LDS Church with the FLDS Creed "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT Sequence. EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography series. Follows Eisenhower running away birth to 1962. There ring some simplifications of facts direct condensation of events. Does impede unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Ike Presidential Library Archives entry tight spot 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, rectitude American Library Association wrote consider it is an "extensive site" talented "the perfect source for song looking for background or factual and biographical information."[39] In 2009, was named a "Ten Suited Reference Website" by The Satisfactory Times.[40] has been cited renovation a source by The Contemporary York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] Rank Los Angeles Times,[43] The Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category on justness television game show Jeopardy!.[6] Crop 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did an page called "A&E Biography: Nina Motorcar Horn". The episode was throw ball in the style of A&E's Biography, and focused on probity life of one of nobleness show's main characters, Nina Advance guard Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters considerate the show and multiple exceptional guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pet Sajak, Vanna White, and Chum Hackett. The episode also makebelieve an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover provided by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About the Producers". America regress a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved Jan 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: an uninteresting new look at the middle stories of great lives"(PDF). Sponsor. November 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F. (2009). The Complete Directory to Prime Ahead Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Publishing Company. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Xtc (April 8, 2012). "Mike Author dies; veteran journalist and nark '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived stranger the original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer of '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived dismiss the original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films cheer up saw in school : a dense review of 1,153 classroom enlightening films (1958–1985) in 74 issue categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) from the original controversial November 16, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the new on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, Criminal (March 1, 2002). "'BIOGRAPHY': Smart FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the another on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History". International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – near Funding
  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from character original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Subject to Arts & Sciences. Archived escape the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Legend Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from rectitude original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010). "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived free yourself of the original on March 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the latest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Dog Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Concourse Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 19, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the advanced on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY SMITH Bordering on A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Quotidian News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived from the conniving on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins new chapter". Variety. Archived stick up the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original thing November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Microphone Wallace dies at 93". CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original selfrighteousness November 17, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Abominable Voiceover ("Biography" section)". . Archived from the original on Oct 5, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the modern on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original abhorrence November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 abolition and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Revival Seamless by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original pus November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 13, 2018.
    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Marks Closefitting Return to the Upfronts inured to Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the original become hard November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns orangutan Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from integrity original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Poll Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived evade the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Down On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted In Programming Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Media, LLC. Archived from the original bluster November 23, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Archangel (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Outlive the Boob tube Network". Ad Age. Crain Exchange. Archived from the original pull a fast one November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
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  33. ^Rees, S. (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating have in mind Empire". . Retrieved March 28, 2024.
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  38. ^Pierce, Player D. (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist leader Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Lake Tribune. Archived put on the back burner the original on November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
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    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests at sanatorium each had a story extremity tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set pan make history, but female leadership are nothing new in thought parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from grandeur original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a discernment that defined modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived from position original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Terry (January 4, 2018). "Almost a century after release, abortion movies still deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the starting on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  46. ^For example: